Means for reducing wear in the working barrels of pumps.



R. E. CARMICHA-EL. A MEANS Fori REDUCING WEAR. 1N TINE WORKING BARRELS 0F PUMPS.

APPL'lcAnQN FILED JAN.|1.. |918.

Patented, Mar. 4, 1919.

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RECARWCHAEL,

INVENTOR www ATTORNEY R. E. CARMICHAEL. MEANS FOR REDUCING WEAR IN THE WORKING BARHELS 0F PUMPS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. II, I9IB.

Patented Mar. 4,1919.

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BOBRT E. OARMICHAEL, OF DAMON, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HAJFTO GEORGE f HAMMAN, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.

MEANS FOR REDUCING WEAR IN THE WORKNG BRRELS OF PUMPS.

To all whom t may concern: .i

Be it known that I, ROBERT E. CAR- MICHAEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Damon, Brazoria county, Texas, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Means for Reducing Wear in the Working Barrels of Pumps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention is an improvement in pumps of the character set forth lin my U. S. Patent No. 1,246,543, atented November .13, 1917, and diers t erefrom in the provision of means for preventing excessive wea'r between the reciprocating pump rod and the adjacent working barrel.

Pumps of this nature are specially adapted for operation in water or oil wells where the fluid being pumped is mixed with quantities of sand or other sediment. Such pumps may also be used in pumping up sand and water or similar substances for use in buildings, roads, etc., as is now commonly practised In pumps ordinarily used for these purposes it is found that some of the sand coming into the working barrel on its passage to the surface will gradually work in between the working barrel and the pump rod. The ordinary packing rings on the pump rod fail to prevent this entrance of the sand and rapid and excessive wear of these parts results. Hence it becomes necessary, because of this wear, to remove the pump rod, and occasionally also the working barrel, and replace the worn arts. 7ihis takes time and is expensive and causes frequent delays.

My present invention was devised to prevent the entrance of sand around the pump rod and to greatly reduce the wear. and hence the annoying and expensive' delays consequent on frequent repairs to the wearing parts.

Another object is to provide a resilient scraper or collar surrounding the pump rod and bearing against the inside of the working barrel to prevent the entrance of sand between these parts.

Another object is. to construct this scraper Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar'. c, i919.

Application led January 11, 1918. Serial No. 211,451.

in such manner that it may be readily detachable in order that it may be easily and quickly replaced when necessary.

Another object is -to rovide a convenient means for introducing t epump rod into the workin barrel.

Anot er object is to so construct this scraper that it willbe resilient and adjustable to automatically maintain a constant pressure against the working barrel to preserve a tight contact and take up wear of the parts.

Other objects and advantages will more clearly appear in the description which follows and will be more specically set forth in the claims.

Inthe drawing forming a part of this speciication: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my invention showing the lower working parts of my pump in position in the well. Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are details of the two parts com osing my scraper. Figs. 6 and 7 are assem ly views of the scraper, Fig. 6 being a side view and Fig, `7 a top plan view thereof. Fig. 8 is a transverse section taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the guide barrel used in assembling my device. Fig. 10 is a detailed view showing a central longitudinal section of the upper end of the working barrel of the pump with the plunger .about to be inserted therein through the use of the guide barrel. The plunger is shown in a position at right angles to the showing in Fig. l. Like characters of reference refer to'like parts throughout the several views. In the drawings 1 designates a well casing which extends to any suitable depth into the earth and receives a pump casing, 2, of any well known or usual construction. Attached to the lower end of the pump casing is a working barrel, 3, at the lower end of which is a standard foot valve 4, of the ball type, the pump casing and workin barrel being held in properly connected re ation by means of an internally threaded collar, 6.

Arranged to reciprocate within the pump casing, 2, is the usual hollow pump rod, 8, having at its lower end a conventional plunger, 9, provided with a ball valve, 10.

To prevent the deposit of sand around the 40 l in the valve houslng, 18, but does not issue VAs the iiuid under pressure I may use water,

but under ordinary clroil, steam or air,

cumstances water 1s found preferable. Thestructure by which this result is secured is vshown in Fig. 1. barrel, 3, I provide a hollow, cylindrlcal Surrounding the working liner, 5, which is clamped tightly in place between a shoulder, 14:, on the collar, 6, and a similar, shoulder, 14, on a lower collar, 7, which is threaded to the lower end of the vlworkin barrel. Toward the up r end of the wor 'ng barrel, 3, are incline passages, 17, leading to the space between the liner and said working barrel'. Thus water, or other iuid which is pumped down from the surface inside the casing, 2, will pass between the pump rod, 1, and the working barrel, and nd an outlet through the passages, 17, into the space between the liner and the working barrel. This fluid is adapted to be projected into the foot valve so as to stir up the accumulated sand which might settle and pack about the valve. -f

The means by which this fluid finds entrance to the valve chamber is by way of openings, 19, in the side of the working barrel adjacent the valve. Each of the passages have threaded therein a curved tubular inlet pipe provided with an automatic valve set in the housing, 18, in sai-d pipe in such manner that the water may pass into the working barrel but may not pass outwardly therefrom. Thus on the downward stroke of the pump rod, 8, water backs up therefrom. On the upward or working stroke of the pump the pressure of the water inside the liner forces water in through the openings, 19, in such manner that it issues in contact with the foot valve, loosening the Sand thereabout and providing for the ready operation of the foot valve at all times.

The lower end of the pump rod, 8, is provided .with a detachable section, 11, in the lower` end of which is threaded the plunger, 9, previously described. The pump rod section, 11, is of a diameter adapted to fit closely within the working barrel, 3, and has thereabout a slight space, 12, between the pum rod and the working barrel after the usua pump construction. In order to provide a packing or tight contact between the pump rod and the working barrel I have lprovided my present improvement. This consists of a collar or scraper, 15, adapted to surroundv the pump rod and to be detachably connected by means of an outwardly projecting annular base, 16, to

casing about the the upper and lower ends of the pump rod to press resiliently outward into full con-` tact at its outer ends with the inner surface of the working barrel.

Referring more especially to Figs. 2 to 8, inclusive, I have shown in detail a construction of my present' invention. The scraper, 15, is made up of separate parts, or sections, preferably two in number, as A and B, adapted to lit one within the other in the manner to be described. The scraper is composed of a lower annular attaching base,'16, and has an outwardly extending scraping member, 23, which is of uniform thickness on the inner end but toward the outer end is beveled on the inner side, as shown at 24 in dotted lines in Fig. 6.- Thisv` provides an outer sharp scrapi edge, 25', which is adapted to contact wit the inner side of the working barrel'and in the reciprocation of f the pump rod will prevent anyg'rains of sand or sediment from working iii o the space, 12, between the rod and the working barrel. The part A of my scraper is crescent shaped in plan View 'andhas a lower base, 16, which extends in a sector shape substantially 90 deg. of a circle, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. The base, 16, on the part B which is also crescent shaped, extends theremainder of the way about the circle and has an extent of about 270 deg. of a circle. part A is adapted to fit within the part B as shown in Fig. 7, and in order to provide a uniform frusto-conical shaped cup or scraper, the edges of the two parts, A and B are rounded or beveled off, as shown clearly in the different views,y so

The y that when the two parts are matched and fitted together they will form an outwardly extending portion of uniform thickness to a height of about two-thirds of the length of the scraper, from which height the thickness will be gradually reduced to a sharp edge at the outer margin, 25. It may be readily seen, however, that the scraper, 23, may be beveled or sharpened in any manner, and may be of gradually reduced thickness from the base to the outer margin, and I do not wish to confine myself to any particular structure of scraper, the idea being to provide a resilient outwardly projecting iange or scraper which will be pressed at all times in contact with the. inner surface of the worlng barrel and prevent any sand or sediment from working between the operating parts.

It will be noted that the contacting portions of the two parts, A and B, where they are adapted to {it together, have been reduced in thickness, as at 22 and 22', so that the two intertting portions of these sections will form a wall of uniform thickas the scraper becomes worn at its upp margin, the parts may separate slightly and i allow the scraper, 23, to be pressed resiliently outward, and still maintain a watertight cup or collar surrounding the pump rod.

The annular base, 16, of the scraper is frigid and will not be easily distorted or llsbent, but the part, 23, is resilient as previously stated. When the lower end of the ump rod is introduced into the working liarrel, the scraper is compressed at the outer end. By so doing the contacting surfaces of the parts A and B slip by each other slightly so that the diameter of the outer end at is reduced from its normal size so that it may enter the working barrel, 3.

u This is a difficult matter to accomplish when the working barrel is deep in the well, and

l" have provided therefor my guide barrel,'

27, for purposes of assembling the' working parts in that positionf This guide barrel, 27, is of the same inner diameter as the working barrel, and has a lower beveled end, 28. While the pump rod is at the surface where the scraper may be compressed, it is fitted within this length of pipe and with the scraper thus housed, the pump rod is inserted down into the well. When the end of the pum rod reaches the upper end of the working arrel, which is beveled inwardly as at 26, the beveled end, 28, of the guide barrel, seats within the upper beveled end, andhence further advance of the guide member is stopped and the pum l rod and scraper continue down into t e working barrel without diiiiculty. The resilience of the metal in the scraper presses the edge, 25, thereof into contact with the inner surface of the working barrel, as described. The guide barrel remains in its position without interfering in any way with the action of the ump and it is not necessary to withdraw 1t until the plunger is drawn up again and then it is caught b the scraper and brought to the surface. t is obvious that this guide barrel may be used with various types of pumpsl as well as my specific invention here disclosed.

There being a scraper at each end of the drill stem section, 11, as described, each of them projecting outwardly away from the said section, it will be impossible for any sand to gain entrance to the space, 12, between the member, 11, and the working barrel, 3, to cause wear therein. It will be noted also that these 'Scrapers answer as a pack'ng in the nature of piston rin to prevent t e escape of water or ot er Huid obvious that changes in the structure of the scraper and in its means of attachment maybe made without departing from the spirit of my invention. .h

What I claim as new and by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pump, a working barrel, a pump rod and plunger reciprocable therein,

esire to protect means mounted on said pump rod to bear closely against the working barrel at both ends of said plunger, said means comprising a radially extending rigidy attaching base, an outwardly flaring resilient flange thereon, a sharp outer edge on said iange adapted to scrape the inner surface of said working barrel.

2. In a p11/mp, a working barrel, a pump rod reciprpcable therein, means mounted detachably on said pump rod to prevent the entrance of sand between the pump rod and working barrel, said means comprising an annular attaching base, an outwardly Haring forwardly extending flange on said base adapted to press resiliently a ainst the inner surface of said working barr.

3. In a pump, a working barrel,va pump rod reciprocable therein, a removable section on the forward endof said rod, a forwardly extending scraper on the lower end,

of said section, a rearwardly extending scraper on the upper end of said section, said Scrapers comprising outwardly Haring metal ian'ges adapted to press resiliently against the inner surface of the working barrel.

4. In a pump, a working barrel, a pump rod reciprocable therein, a removable section of slightly larger diameter than the pump rod on the lo`wer end of said rod, a scraper on the lower shoulder of said section, a second scraper on the upper shoulder of said section, each of said Scrapers comprising an outwardly Haring metallic ange serving to tightly close. the space between said rod and working barrel for the purpose specified.y

5. A scraper for preventing the entrance of sand between the pump rod and vworking barrel of pumps comprising a base for attachment'to a pump rod, a resilient Haring flange thereon, said flange being composed of two beveled interfitting parts adapted to overlap each other to form a wall of uniform thickness in any horizontal plane to allow the scraper to be compressed or expanded to bring the outer edge in tight contact with the outer working barrel.

6. A scraper for preventing the entrance of sand and water between the pump rod and working barrel of pumps, comprising two interfitting parts of unequal size making up an .attaching base, and an outwardly flaring resilient iiange, the two 'parts of which are,

beveled to overlap in such manner as to allow relative movement thereof to' maintain a close 'it at all points with said working barrel for the purpose specified.

7. In a pump, a working barrel, the upper end thereof being beveled inwardly, a plunger and scraper adapted to fit therein, a guide barrel comprising a short pipe, the

lower end being beveled t0 seat in said work-- end of said guide barrel being adapted to automatically seat upon said working barrel for the purpose specied.

9. In a pump the combination of a working barrel, a plunger reciprocable therein, a scraper on each end of said plunger, said scraper comprising a sleeve longitudinally divided and interitting along the line of division to maintain a tight closure and to allow said sleeve to expand outward into coi1 tact `with the inner lsurface of said working barrel and resilient means to maintain said tight closure.

10. Ina pump, the combination with a working barrel of a plunger reciprocating therein, and a scraper carried by said plunger which consists of a split sleeve, provided with interengaging portions adjacent the line of division which have inclined lateral surfaces in contact with each other and relatively movable, whereby the advancing edge of the sleeve may be made to engage the in- +erior surface of said barrel at all points of said edge.

11. In a pump, a working barrel, a plunger reciprocating therein, a scraper at both ends of said plunger, each of said Scrapers comprising a resilient sleeve divided longitudinally and with the ed es beveled and overlapped along the line o division whereby the outer edge of said scraper is held closely against saidl working barrel at all points.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature this the 4th day of January, 1918.

ROBERT E. CARMICHAEL. 

